Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In April 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: zoned: fix extent range end unlock in cow_file_range()
Running generic/751 on the for-next branch often results in a hang like
below. They are both stack by locking an extent. This suggests someone
forget to unlock an extent.
INFO: task kworker/u128:1:12 blocked for more than 323 seconds.
Not tainted 6.13.0-BTRFS-ZNS+ #503
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:kworker/u128:1 state:D stack:0 pid:12 tgid:12 ppid:2 flags:0x00004000
Workqueue: btrfs-fixup btrfs_work_helper [btrfs]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x534/0xdd0
schedule+0x39/0x140
__lock_extent+0x31b/0x380 [btrfs]
? __pfx_autoremove_wake_function+0x10/0x10
btrfs_writepage_fixup_worker+0xf1/0x3a0 [btrfs]
btrfs_work_helper+0xff/0x480 [btrfs]
? lock_release+0x178/0x2c0
process_one_work+0x1ee/0x570
? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
worker_thread+0x1d1/0x3b0
? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
kthread+0x10b/0x230
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork+0x30/0x50
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
</TASK>
INFO: task kworker/u134:0:184 blocked for more than 323 seconds.
Not tainted 6.13.0-BTRFS-ZNS+ #503
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:kworker/u134:0 state:D stack:0 pid:184 tgid:184 ppid:2 flags:0x00004000
Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-btrfs-4)
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__schedule+0x534/0xdd0
schedule+0x39/0x140
__lock_extent+0x31b/0x380 [btrfs]
? __pfx_autoremove_wake_function+0x10/0x10
find_lock_delalloc_range+0xdb/0x260 [btrfs]
writepage_delalloc+0x12f/0x500 [btrfs]
? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
extent_write_cache_pages+0x232/0x840 [btrfs]
btrfs_writepages+0x72/0x130 [btrfs]
do_writepages+0xe7/0x260
? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
? lock_acquire+0xd2/0x300
? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
? find_held_lock+0x2b/0x80
? wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode.part.0+0x102/0x250
? wbc_attach_and_unlock_inode.part.0+0x102/0x250
__writeback_single_inode+0x5c/0x4b0
writeback_sb_inodes+0x22d/0x550
__writeback_inodes_wb+0x4c/0xe0
wb_writeback+0x2f6/0x3f0
wb_workfn+0x32a/0x510
process_one_work+0x1ee/0x570
? srso_return_thunk+0x5/0x5f
worker_thread+0x1d1/0x3b0
? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10
kthread+0x10b/0x230
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork+0x30/0x50
? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10
ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
</TASK>
This happens because we have another success path for the zoned mode. When
there is no active zone available, btrfs_reserve_extent() returns
-EAGAIN. In this case, we have two reactions.
(1) If the given range is never allocated, we can only wait for someone
to finish a zone, so wait on BTRFS_FS_NEED_ZONE_FINISH bit and retry
afterward.
(2) Or, if some allocations are already done, we must bail out and let
the caller to send IOs for the allocation. This is because these IOs
may be necessary to finish a zone.
The commit 06f364284794 ("btrfs: do proper folio cleanup when
cow_file_range() failed") moved the unlock code from the inside of the
loop to the outside. So, previously, the allocated extents are unlocked
just after the allocation and so before returning from the function.
However, they are no longer unlocked on the case (2) above. That caused
the hang issue.
Fix the issue by modifying the 'end' to the end of the allocated
range. Then, we can exit the loop and the same unlock code can properly
handle the case.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gpio: aggregator: protect driver attr handlers against module unload
Both new_device_store and delete_device_store touch module global
resources (e.g. gpio_aggregator_lock). To prevent race conditions with
module unload, a reference needs to be held.
Add try_module_get() in these handlers.
For new_device_store, this eliminates what appears to be the most dangerous
scenario: if an id is allocated from gpio_aggregator_idr but
platform_device_register has not yet been called or completed, a concurrent
module unload could fail to unregister/delete the device, leaving behind a
dangling platform device/GPIO forwarder. This can result in various issues.
The following simple reproducer demonstrates these problems:
#!/bin/bash
while :; do
# note: whether 'gpiochip0 0' exists or not does not matter.
echo 'gpiochip0 0' > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/gpio-aggregator/new_device
done &
while :; do
modprobe gpio-aggregator
modprobe -r gpio-aggregator
done &
wait
Starting with the following warning, several kinds of warnings will appear
and the system may become unstable:
------------[ cut here ]------------
list_del corruption, ffff888103e2e980->next is LIST_POISON1 (dead000000000100)
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1327 at lib/list_debug.c:56 __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120
[...]
RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120
[...]
Call Trace:
<TASK>
? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120
? __warn.cold+0x93/0xf2
? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120
? report_bug+0xe6/0x170
? __irq_work_queue_local+0x39/0xe0
? handle_bug+0x58/0x90
? exc_invalid_op+0x13/0x60
? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20
? __list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xa3/0x120
gpiod_remove_lookup_table+0x22/0x60
new_device_store+0x315/0x350 [gpio_aggregator]
kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x137/0x1f0
vfs_write+0x262/0x430
ksys_write+0x60/0xd0
do_syscall_64+0x6c/0x180
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
[...]
</TASK>
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
CVSS Score
4.7
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: fix bug on trap in smb2_lock
If lock count is greater than 1, flags could be old value.
It should be checked with flags of smb_lock, not flags.
It will cause bug-on trap from locks_free_lock in error handling
routine.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: fix use-after-free in smb2_lock
If smb_lock->zero_len has value, ->llist of smb_lock is not delete and
flock is old one. It will cause use-after-free on error handling
routine.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: fix out-of-bounds in parse_sec_desc()
If osidoffset, gsidoffset and dacloffset could be greater than smb_ntsd
struct size. If it is smaller, It could cause slab-out-of-bounds.
And when validating sid, It need to check it included subauth array size.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: fix type confusion via race condition when using ipc_msg_send_request
req->handle is allocated using ksmbd_acquire_id(&ipc_ida), based on
ida_alloc. req->handle from ksmbd_ipc_login_request and
FSCTL_PIPE_TRANSCEIVE ioctl can be same and it could lead to type confusion
between messages, resulting in access to unexpected parts of memory after
an incorrect delivery. ksmbd check type of ipc response but missing add
continue to check next ipc reponse.
CVSS Score
8.1
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
HID: appleir: Fix potential NULL dereference at raw event handle
Syzkaller reports a NULL pointer dereference issue in input_event().
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in is_event_supported drivers/input/input.c:67 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in input_event+0x42/0xa0 drivers/input/input.c:395
Read of size 8 at addr 0000000000000028 by task syz-executor199/2949
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 2949 Comm: syz-executor199 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc4-syzkaller-00076-gf097a36ef88d #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0x116/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120
kasan_report+0xd9/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:602
check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:183 [inline]
kasan_check_range+0xef/0x1a0 mm/kasan/generic.c:189
instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
_test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
is_event_supported drivers/input/input.c:67 [inline]
input_event+0x42/0xa0 drivers/input/input.c:395
input_report_key include/linux/input.h:439 [inline]
key_down drivers/hid/hid-appleir.c:159 [inline]
appleir_raw_event+0x3e5/0x5e0 drivers/hid/hid-appleir.c:232
__hid_input_report.constprop.0+0x312/0x440 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2111
hid_ctrl+0x49f/0x550 drivers/hid/usbhid/hid-core.c:484
__usb_hcd_giveback_urb+0x389/0x6e0 drivers/usb/core/hcd.c:1650
usb_hcd_giveback_urb+0x396/0x450 drivers/usb/core/hcd.c:1734
dummy_timer+0x17f7/0x3960 drivers/usb/gadget/udc/dummy_hcd.c:1993
__run_hrtimer kernel/time/hrtimer.c:1739 [inline]
__hrtimer_run_queues+0x20a/0xae0 kernel/time/hrtimer.c:1803
hrtimer_run_softirq+0x17d/0x350 kernel/time/hrtimer.c:1820
handle_softirqs+0x206/0x8d0 kernel/softirq.c:561
__do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:595 [inline]
invoke_softirq kernel/softirq.c:435 [inline]
__irq_exit_rcu+0xfa/0x160 kernel/softirq.c:662
irq_exit_rcu+0x9/0x30 kernel/softirq.c:678
instr_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1049 [inline]
sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x90/0xb0 arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1049
</IRQ>
<TASK>
asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1a/0x20 arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:702
__mod_timer+0x8f6/0xdc0 kernel/time/timer.c:1185
add_timer+0x62/0x90 kernel/time/timer.c:1295
schedule_timeout+0x11f/0x280 kernel/time/sleep_timeout.c:98
usbhid_wait_io+0x1c7/0x380 drivers/hid/usbhid/hid-core.c:645
usbhid_init_reports+0x19f/0x390 drivers/hid/usbhid/hid-core.c:784
hiddev_ioctl+0x1133/0x15b0 drivers/hid/usbhid/hiddev.c:794
vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
__do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:906 [inline]
__se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:892 [inline]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x190/0x200 fs/ioctl.c:892
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x250 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
</TASK>
This happens due to the malformed report items sent by the emulated device
which results in a report, that has no fields, being added to the report list.
Due to this appleir_input_configured() is never called, hidinput_connect()
fails which results in the HID_CLAIMED_INPUT flag is not being set. However,
it does not make appleir_probe() fail and lets the event callback to be
called without the associated input device.
Thus, add a check for the HID_CLAIMED_INPUT flag and leave the event hook
early if the driver didn't claim any input_dev for some reason. Moreover,
some other hid drivers accessing input_dev in their event callbacks do have
similar checks, too.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm: abort vma_modify() on merge out of memory failure
The remainder of vma_modify() relies upon the vmg state remaining pristine
after a merge attempt.
Usually this is the case, however in the one edge case scenario of a merge
attempt failing not due to the specified range being unmergeable, but
rather due to an out of memory error arising when attempting to commit the
merge, this assumption becomes untrue.
This results in vmg->start, end being modified, and thus the proceeding
attempts to split the VMA will be done with invalid start/end values.
Thankfully, it is likely practically impossible for us to hit this in
reality, as it would require a maple tree node pre-allocation failure that
would likely never happen due to it being 'too small to fail', i.e. the
kernel would simply keep retrying reclaim until it succeeded.
However, this scenario remains theoretically possible, and what we are
doing here is wrong so we must correct it.
The safest option is, when this scenario occurs, to simply give up the
operation. If we cannot allocate memory to merge, then we cannot allocate
memory to split either (perhaps moreso!).
Any scenario where this would be happening would be under very extreme
(likely fatal) memory pressure, so it's best we give up early.
So there is no doubt it is appropriate to simply bail out in this
scenario.
However, in general we must if at all possible never assume VMG state is
stable after a merge attempt, since merge operations update VMG fields.
As a result, additionally also make this clear by storing start, end in
local variables.
The issue was reported originally by syzkaller, and by Brad Spengler (via
an off-list discussion), and in both instances it manifested as a
triggering of the assert:
VM_WARN_ON_VMG(start >= end, vmg);
In vma_merge_existing_range().
It seems at least one scenario in which this is occurring is one in which
the merge being attempted is due to an madvise() across multiple VMAs
which looks like this:
start end
|<------>|
|----------|------|
| vma | next |
|----------|------|
When madvise_walk_vmas() is invoked, we first find vma in the above
(determining prev to be equal to vma as we are offset into vma), and then
enter the loop.
We determine the end of vma that forms part of the range we are
madvise()'ing by setting 'tmp' to this value:
/* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */
tmp = vma->vm_end;
We then invoke the madvise() operation via visit(), letting prev get
updated to point to vma as part of the operation:
/* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */
error = visit(vma, &prev, start, tmp, arg);
Where the visit() function pointer in this instance is
madvise_vma_behavior().
As observed in syzkaller reports, it is ultimately madvise_update_vma()
that is invoked, calling vma_modify_flags_name() and vma_modify() in turn.
Then, in vma_modify(), we attempt the merge:
merged = vma_merge_existing_range(vmg);
if (merged)
return merged;
We invoke this with vmg->start, end set to start, tmp as such:
start tmp
|<--->|
|----------|------|
| vma | next |
|----------|------|
We find ourselves in the merge right scenario, but the one in which we
cannot remove the middle (we are offset into vma).
Here we have a special case where vmg->start, end get set to perhaps
unintuitive values - we intended to shrink the middle VMA and expand the
next.
This means vmg->start, end are set to... vma->vm_start, start.
Now the commit_merge() fails, and vmg->start, end are left like this.
This means we return to the rest of vma_modify() with vmg->start, end
(here denoted as start', end') set as:
start' end'
|<-->|
|----------|------|
| vma | next |
|----------|------|
So we now erroneously try to split accordingly. This is where the
unfortunate
---truncated---
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
arm: pgtable: fix NULL pointer dereference issue
When update_mmu_cache_range() is called by update_mmu_cache(), the vmf
parameter is NULL, which will cause a NULL pointer dereference issue in
adjust_pte():
Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000030 when read
Hardware name: Atmel AT91SAM9
PC is at update_mmu_cache_range+0x1e0/0x278
LR is at pte_offset_map_rw_nolock+0x18/0x2c
Call trace:
update_mmu_cache_range from remove_migration_pte+0x29c/0x2ec
remove_migration_pte from rmap_walk_file+0xcc/0x130
rmap_walk_file from remove_migration_ptes+0x90/0xa4
remove_migration_ptes from migrate_pages_batch+0x6d4/0x858
migrate_pages_batch from migrate_pages+0x188/0x488
migrate_pages from compact_zone+0x56c/0x954
compact_zone from compact_node+0x90/0xf0
compact_node from kcompactd+0x1d4/0x204
kcompactd from kthread+0x120/0x12c
kthread from ret_from_fork+0x14/0x38
Exception stack(0xc0d8bfb0 to 0xc0d8bff8)
To fix it, do not rely on whether 'ptl' is equal to decide whether to hold
the pte lock, but decide it by whether CONFIG_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS is
enabled. In addition, if two vmas map to the same PTE page, there is no
need to hold the pte lock again, otherwise a deadlock will occur. Just
add the need_lock parameter to let adjust_pte() know this information.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rapidio: fix an API misues when rio_add_net() fails
rio_add_net() calls device_register() and fails when device_register()
fails. Thus, put_device() should be used rather than kfree(). Add
"mport->net = NULL;" to avoid a use after free issue.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-04-01