Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In May 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cpufreq: apple-soc: Fix null-ptr-deref in apple_soc_cpufreq_get_rate()
cpufreq_cpu_get_raw() can return NULL when the target CPU is not present
in the policy->cpus mask. apple_soc_cpufreq_get_rate() does not check
for this case, which results in a NULL pointer dereference.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net/niu: Niu requires MSIX ENTRY_DATA fields touch before entry reads
Fix niu_try_msix() to not cause a fatal trap on sparc systems.
Set PCI_DEV_FLAGS_MSIX_TOUCH_ENTRY_DATA_FIRST on the struct pci_dev to
work around a bug in the hardware or firmware.
For each vector entry in the msix table, niu chips will cause a fatal
trap if any registers in that entry are read before that entries'
ENTRY_DATA register is written to. Testing indicates writes to other
registers are not sufficient to prevent the fatal trap, however the value
does not appear to matter. This only needs to happen once after power up,
so simply rebooting into a kernel lacking this fix will NOT cause the
trap.
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: Reporting on cpu 64
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: TPC [0x00000000005f6900] <msix_prepare_msi_desc+0x90/0xa0>
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: RAW [4010000000000016:00000e37f93e32ff:0000000202000080:ffffffffffffffff
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: 0000000800000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000:0000000000000000]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: handle [0x4010000000000016] stick [0x00000e37f93e32ff]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: type [precise nonresumable]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: attrs [0x02000080] < ASI sp-faulted priv >
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: raddr [0xffffffffffffffff]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: insn effective address [0x000000c50020000c]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: size [0x8]
NON-RESUMABLE ERROR: asi [0x00]
CPU: 64 UID: 0 PID: 745 Comm: kworker/64:1 Not tainted 6.11.5 #63
Workqueue: events work_for_cpu_fn
TSTATE: 0000000011001602 TPC: 00000000005f6900 TNPC: 00000000005f6904 Y: 00000000 Not tainted
TPC: <msix_prepare_msi_desc+0x90/0xa0>
g0: 00000000000002e9 g1: 000000000000000c g2: 000000c50020000c g3: 0000000000000100
g4: ffff8000470307c0 g5: ffff800fec5be000 g6: ffff800047a08000 g7: 0000000000000000
o0: ffff800014feb000 o1: ffff800047a0b620 o2: 0000000000000011 o3: ffff800047a0b620
o4: 0000000000000080 o5: 0000000000000011 sp: ffff800047a0ad51 ret_pc: 00000000005f7128
RPC: <__pci_enable_msix_range+0x3cc/0x460>
l0: 000000000000000d l1: 000000000000c01f l2: ffff800014feb0a8 l3: 0000000000000020
l4: 000000000000c000 l5: 0000000000000001 l6: 0000000020000000 l7: ffff800047a0b734
i0: ffff800014feb000 i1: ffff800047a0b730 i2: 0000000000000001 i3: 000000000000000d
i4: 0000000000000000 i5: 0000000000000000 i6: ffff800047a0ae81 i7: 00000000101888b0
I7: <niu_try_msix.constprop.0+0xc0/0x130 [niu]>
Call Trace:
[<00000000101888b0>] niu_try_msix.constprop.0+0xc0/0x130 [niu]
[<000000001018f840>] niu_get_invariants+0x183c/0x207c [niu]
[<00000000101902fc>] niu_pci_init_one+0x27c/0x2fc [niu]
[<00000000005ef3e4>] local_pci_probe+0x28/0x74
[<0000000000469240>] work_for_cpu_fn+0x8/0x1c
[<000000000046b008>] process_scheduled_works+0x144/0x210
[<000000000046b518>] worker_thread+0x13c/0x1c0
[<00000000004710e0>] kthread+0xb8/0xc8
[<00000000004060c8>] ret_from_fork+0x1c/0x2c
[<0000000000000000>] 0x0
Kernel panic - not syncing: Non-resumable error.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm/vmscan: don't try to reclaim hwpoison folio
Syzkaller reports a bug as follows:
Injecting memory failure for pfn 0x18b00e at process virtual address 0x20ffd000
Memory failure: 0x18b00e: dirty swapcache page still referenced by 2 users
Memory failure: 0x18b00e: recovery action for dirty swapcache page: Failed
page: refcount:2 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x20ffd pfn:0x18b00e
memcg:ffff0000dd6d9000
anon flags: 0x5ffffe00482011(locked|dirty|arch_1|swapbacked|hwpoison|node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0xfffff)
raw: 005ffffe00482011 dead000000000100 dead000000000122 ffff0000e232a7c9
raw: 0000000000020ffd 0000000000000000 00000002ffffffff ffff0000dd6d9000
page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at mm/swap_state.c:184!
Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 60 Comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 6.6.0-gcb097e7de84e #3
Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)
pstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158
lr : add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158
sp : ffff800087f37340
x29: ffff800087f37340 x28: fffffc00052c0380 x27: ffff800087f37780
x26: ffff800087f37490 x25: ffff800087f37c78 x24: ffff800087f377a0
x23: ffff800087f37c50 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: fffffc00052c03b4
x20: 0000000000000000 x19: fffffc00052c0380 x18: 0000000000000000
x17: 296f696c6f662865 x16: 7461646f7470755f x15: 747365745f6f696c
x14: 6f6621284f494c4f x13: 0000000000000001 x12: ffff600036d8b97b
x11: 1fffe00036d8b97a x10: ffff600036d8b97a x9 : dfff800000000000
x8 : 00009fffc9274686 x7 : ffff0001b6c5cbd3 x6 : 0000000000000001
x5 : ffff0000c25896c0 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000
x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff0000c25896c0 x0 : 0000000000000000
Call trace:
add_to_swap+0xbc/0x158
shrink_folio_list+0x12ac/0x2648
shrink_inactive_list+0x318/0x948
shrink_lruvec+0x450/0x720
shrink_node_memcgs+0x280/0x4a8
shrink_node+0x128/0x978
balance_pgdat+0x4f0/0xb20
kswapd+0x228/0x438
kthread+0x214/0x230
ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
I can reproduce this issue with the following steps:
1) When a dirty swapcache page is isolated by reclaim process and the
page isn't locked, inject memory failure for the page.
me_swapcache_dirty() clears uptodate flag and tries to delete from lru,
but fails. Reclaim process will put the hwpoisoned page back to lru.
2) The process that maps the hwpoisoned page exits, the page is deleted
the page will never be freed and will be in the lru forever.
3) If we trigger a reclaim again and tries to reclaim the page,
add_to_swap() will trigger VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO due to the uptodate flag is
cleared.
To fix it, skip the hwpoisoned page in shrink_folio_list(). Besides, the
hwpoison folio may not be unmapped by hwpoison_user_mappings() yet, unmap
it in shrink_folio_list(), otherwise the folio will fail to be unmaped by
hwpoison_user_mappings() since the folio isn't in lru list.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-05-08
The WP SEO Structured Data Schema plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the ‘Price Range’ parameter in all versions up to, and including, 2.7.11 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts that will execute whenever an administrator accesses the plugin settings page.
CVSS Score
6.4
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
LoongArch: Return NULL from huge_pte_offset() for invalid PMD
LoongArch's huge_pte_offset() currently returns a pointer to a PMD slot
even if the underlying entry points to invalid_pte_table (indicating no
mapping). Callers like smaps_hugetlb_range() fetch this invalid entry
value (the address of invalid_pte_table) via this pointer.
The generic is_swap_pte() check then incorrectly identifies this address
as a swap entry on LoongArch, because it satisfies the "!pte_present()
&& !pte_none()" conditions. This misinterpretation, combined with a
coincidental match by is_migration_entry() on the address bits, leads to
kernel crashes in pfn_swap_entry_to_page().
Fix this at the architecture level by modifying huge_pte_offset() to
check the PMD entry's content using pmd_none() before returning. If the
entry is invalid (i.e., it points to invalid_pte_table), return NULL
instead of the pointer to the slot.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
irqchip/gic-v2m: Prevent use after free of gicv2m_get_fwnode()
With ACPI in place, gicv2m_get_fwnode() is registered with the pci
subsystem as pci_msi_get_fwnode_cb(), which may get invoked at runtime
during a PCI host bridge probe. But, the call back is wrongly marked as
__init, causing it to be freed, while being registered with the PCI
subsystem and could trigger:
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff8000816c0400
gicv2m_get_fwnode+0x0/0x58 (P)
pci_set_bus_msi_domain+0x74/0x88
pci_register_host_bridge+0x194/0x548
This is easily reproducible on a Juno board with ACPI boot.
Retain the function for later use.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xen-netfront: handle NULL returned by xdp_convert_buff_to_frame()
The function xdp_convert_buff_to_frame() may return NULL if it fails
to correctly convert the XDP buffer into an XDP frame due to memory
constraints, internal errors, or invalid data. Failing to check for NULL
may lead to a NULL pointer dereference if the result is used later in
processing, potentially causing crashes, data corruption, or undefined
behavior.
On XDP redirect failure, the associated page must be released explicitly
if it was previously retained via get_page(). Failing to do so may result
in a memory leak, as the pages reference count is not decremented.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched/eevdf: Fix se->slice being set to U64_MAX and resulting crash
There is a code path in dequeue_entities() that can set the slice of a
sched_entity to U64_MAX, which sometimes results in a crash.
The offending case is when dequeue_entities() is called to dequeue a
delayed group entity, and then the entity's parent's dequeue is delayed.
In that case:
1. In the if (entity_is_task(se)) else block at the beginning of
dequeue_entities(), slice is set to
cfs_rq_min_slice(group_cfs_rq(se)). If the entity was delayed, then
it has no queued tasks, so cfs_rq_min_slice() returns U64_MAX.
2. The first for_each_sched_entity() loop dequeues the entity.
3. If the entity was its parent's only child, then the next iteration
tries to dequeue the parent.
4. If the parent's dequeue needs to be delayed, then it breaks from the
first for_each_sched_entity() loop _without updating slice_.
5. The second for_each_sched_entity() loop sets the parent's ->slice to
the saved slice, which is still U64_MAX.
This throws off subsequent calculations with potentially catastrophic
results. A manifestation we saw in production was:
6. In update_entity_lag(), se->slice is used to calculate limit, which
ends up as a huge negative number.
7. limit is used in se->vlag = clamp(vlag, -limit, limit). Because limit
is negative, vlag > limit, so se->vlag is set to the same huge
negative number.
8. In place_entity(), se->vlag is scaled, which overflows and results in
another huge (positive or negative) number.
9. The adjusted lag is subtracted from se->vruntime, which increases or
decreases se->vruntime by a huge number.
10. pick_eevdf() calls entity_eligible()/vruntime_eligible(), which
incorrectly returns false because the vruntime is so far from the
other vruntimes on the queue, causing the
(vruntime - cfs_rq->min_vruntime) * load calulation to overflow.
11. Nothing appears to be eligible, so pick_eevdf() returns NULL.
12. pick_next_entity() tries to dereference the return value of
pick_eevdf() and crashes.
Dumping the cfs_rq states from the core dumps with drgn showed tell-tale
huge vruntime ranges and bogus vlag values, and I also traced se->slice
being set to U64_MAX on live systems (which was usually "benign" since
the rest of the runqueue needed to be in a particular state to crash).
Fix it in dequeue_entities() by always setting slice from the first
non-empty cfs_rq.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
riscv: uprobes: Add missing fence.i after building the XOL buffer
The XOL (execute out-of-line) buffer is used to single-step the
replaced instruction(s) for uprobes. The RISC-V port was missing a
proper fence.i (i$ flushing) after constructing the XOL buffer, which
can result in incorrect execution of stale/broken instructions.
This was found running the BPF selftests "test_progs:
uprobe_autoattach, attach_probe" on the Spacemit K1/X60, where the
uprobes tests randomly blew up.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.0
Published
2025-05-08
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net_sched: hfsc: Fix a potential UAF in hfsc_dequeue() too
Similarly to the previous patch, we need to safe guard hfsc_dequeue()
too. But for this one, we don't have a reliable reproducer.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-05-08