Security Vulnerabilities - CVEs Published In August 2025
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rxrpc: Fix irq-disabled in local_bh_enable()
The rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() function calls down into the IP layer to find
out the MTU size for a route. When accepting an incoming call, this is
called from rxrpc_new_incoming_call() which holds interrupts disabled
across the code that calls down to it. Unfortunately, the IP layer uses
local_bh_enable() which, config dependent, throws a warning if IRQs are
enabled:
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 5544 at kernel/softirq.c:387 __local_bh_enable_ip+0x43/0xd0
...
RIP: 0010:__local_bh_enable_ip+0x43/0xd0
...
Call Trace:
<TASK>
rt_cache_route+0x7e/0xa0
rt_set_nexthop.isra.0+0x3b3/0x3f0
__mkroute_output+0x43a/0x460
ip_route_output_key_hash+0xf7/0x140
ip_route_output_flow+0x1b/0x90
rxrpc_assess_MTU_size.isra.0+0x2a0/0x590
rxrpc_new_incoming_peer+0x46/0x120
rxrpc_alloc_incoming_call+0x1b1/0x400
rxrpc_new_incoming_call+0x1da/0x5e0
rxrpc_input_packet+0x827/0x900
rxrpc_io_thread+0x403/0xb60
kthread+0x2f7/0x310
ret_from_fork+0x2a/0x230
ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
...
hardirqs last enabled at (23): _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x24/0x50
hardirqs last disabled at (24): _raw_read_lock_irq+0x17/0x70
softirqs last enabled at (0): copy_process+0xc61/0x2730
softirqs last disabled at (25): rt_add_uncached_list+0x3c/0x90
Fix this by moving the call to rxrpc_assess_MTU_size() out of
rxrpc_init_peer() and further up the stack where it can be done without
interrupts disabled.
It shouldn't be a problem for rxrpc_new_incoming_call() to do it after the
locks are dropped as pmtud is going to be performed by the I/O thread - and
we're in the I/O thread at this point.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/CPU/AMD: Disable INVLPGB on Zen2
AMD Cyan Skillfish (Family 17h, Model 47h, Stepping 0h) has an issue
that causes system oopses and panics when performing TLB flush using
INVLPGB.
However, the problem is that that machine has misconfigured CPUID and
should not report the INVLPGB bit in the first place. So zap the
kernel's representation of the flag so that nothing gets confused.
[ bp: Massage. ]
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
mm/damon: fix divide by zero in damon_get_intervals_score()
The current implementation allows having zero size regions with no special
reasons, but damon_get_intervals_score() gets crashed by divide by zero
when the region size is zero.
[ 29.403950] Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI
This patch fixes the bug, but does not disallow zero size regions to keep
the backward compatibility since disallowing zero size regions might be a
breaking change for some users.
In addition, the same crash can happen when intervals_goal.access_bp is
zero so this should be fixed in stable trees as well.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amdkfd: Don't call mmput from MMU notifier callback
If the process is exiting, the mmput inside mmu notifier callback from
compactd or fork or numa balancing could release the last reference
of mm struct to call exit_mmap and free_pgtable, this triggers deadlock
with below backtrace.
The deadlock will leak kfd process as mmu notifier release is not called
and cause VRAM leaking.
The fix is to take mm reference mmget_non_zero when adding prange to the
deferred list to pair with mmput in deferred list work.
If prange split and add into pchild list, the pchild work_item.mm is not
used, so remove the mm parameter from svm_range_unmap_split and
svm_range_add_child.
The backtrace of hung task:
INFO: task python:348105 blocked for more than 64512 seconds.
Call Trace:
__schedule+0x1c3/0x550
schedule+0x46/0xb0
rwsem_down_write_slowpath+0x24b/0x4c0
unlink_anon_vmas+0xb1/0x1c0
free_pgtables+0xa9/0x130
exit_mmap+0xbc/0x1a0
mmput+0x5a/0x140
svm_range_cpu_invalidate_pagetables+0x2b/0x40 [amdgpu]
mn_itree_invalidate+0x72/0xc0
__mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start+0x48/0x60
try_to_unmap_one+0x10fa/0x1400
rmap_walk_anon+0x196/0x460
try_to_unmap+0xbb/0x210
migrate_page_unmap+0x54d/0x7e0
migrate_pages_batch+0x1c3/0xae0
migrate_pages_sync+0x98/0x240
migrate_pages+0x25c/0x520
compact_zone+0x29d/0x590
compact_zone_order+0xb6/0xf0
try_to_compact_pages+0xbe/0x220
__alloc_pages_direct_compact+0x96/0x1a0
__alloc_pages_slowpath+0x410/0x930
__alloc_pages_nodemask+0x3a9/0x3e0
do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page+0xd7/0x3e0
__handle_mm_fault+0x5e3/0x5f0
handle_mm_fault+0xf7/0x2e0
hmm_vma_fault.isra.0+0x4d/0xa0
walk_pmd_range.isra.0+0xa8/0x310
walk_pud_range+0x167/0x240
walk_pgd_range+0x55/0x100
__walk_page_range+0x87/0x90
walk_page_range+0xf6/0x160
hmm_range_fault+0x4f/0x90
amdgpu_hmm_range_get_pages+0x123/0x230 [amdgpu]
amdgpu_ttm_tt_get_user_pages+0xb1/0x150 [amdgpu]
init_user_pages+0xb1/0x2a0 [amdgpu]
amdgpu_amdkfd_gpuvm_alloc_memory_of_gpu+0x543/0x7d0 [amdgpu]
kfd_ioctl_alloc_memory_of_gpu+0x24c/0x4e0 [amdgpu]
kfd_ioctl+0x29d/0x500 [amdgpu]
(cherry picked from commit a29e067bd38946f752b0ef855f3dfff87e77bec7)
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/imagination: Fix kernel crash when hard resetting the GPU
The GPU hard reset sequence calls pm_runtime_force_suspend() and
pm_runtime_force_resume(), which according to their documentation should
only be used during system-wide PM transitions to sleep states.
The main issue though is that depending on some internal runtime PM
state as seen by pm_runtime_force_suspend() (whether the usage count is
<= 1), pm_runtime_force_resume() might not resume the device unless
needed. If that happens, the runtime PM resume callback
pvr_power_device_resume() is not called, the GPU clocks are not
re-enabled, and the kernel crashes on the next attempt to access GPU
registers as part of the power-on sequence.
Replace calls to pm_runtime_force_suspend() and
pm_runtime_force_resume() with direct calls to the driver's runtime PM
callbacks, pvr_power_device_suspend() and pvr_power_device_resume(),
to ensure clocks are re-enabled and avoid the kernel crash.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
kasan: remove kasan_find_vm_area() to prevent possible deadlock
find_vm_area() couldn't be called in atomic_context. If find_vm_area() is
called to reports vm area information, kasan can trigger deadlock like:
CPU0 CPU1
vmalloc();
alloc_vmap_area();
spin_lock(&vn->busy.lock)
spin_lock_bh(&some_lock);
<interrupt occurs>
<in softirq>
spin_lock(&some_lock);
<access invalid address>
kasan_report();
print_report();
print_address_description();
kasan_find_vm_area();
find_vm_area();
spin_lock(&vn->busy.lock) // deadlock!
To prevent possible deadlock while kasan reports, remove kasan_find_vm_area().
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/xe/pf: Clear all LMTT pages on alloc
Our LMEM buffer objects are not cleared by default on alloc
and during VF provisioning we only setup LMTT PTEs for the
actually provisioned LMEM range. But beyond that valid range
we might leave some stale data that could either point to some
other VFs allocations or even to the PF pages.
Explicitly clear all new LMTT page to avoid the risk that a
malicious VF would try to exploit that gap.
While around add asserts to catch any undesired PTE overwrites
and low-level debug traces to track LMTT PT life-cycle.
(cherry picked from commit 3fae6918a3e27cce20ded2551f863fb05d4bef8d)
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: prevent A-MSDU attacks in mesh networks
This patch is a mitigation to prevent the A-MSDU spoofing vulnerability
for mesh networks. The initial update to the IEEE 802.11 standard, in
response to the FragAttacks, missed this case (CVE-2025-27558). It can
be considered a variant of CVE-2020-24588 but for mesh networks.
This patch tries to detect if a standard MSDU was turned into an A-MSDU
by an adversary. This is done by parsing a received A-MSDU as a standard
MSDU, calculating the length of the Mesh Control header, and seeing if
the 6 bytes after this header equal the start of an rfc1042 header. If
equal, this is a strong indication of an ongoing attack attempt.
This defense was tested with mac80211_hwsim against a mesh network that
uses an empty Mesh Address Extension field, i.e., when four addresses
are used, and when using a 12-byte Mesh Address Extension field, i.e.,
when six addresses are used. Functionality of normal MSDUs and A-MSDUs
was also tested, and confirmed working, when using both an empty and
12-byte Mesh Address Extension field.
It was also tested with mac80211_hwsim that A-MSDU attacks in non-mesh
networks keep being detected and prevented.
Note that the vulnerability being patched, and the defense being
implemented, was also discussed in the following paper and in the
following IEEE 802.11 presentation:
https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/wisec2025.pdf
https://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/25/11-25-0949-00-000m-a-msdu-mesh-spoof-protection.docx
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: zd1211rw: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in zd_mac_tx_to_dev()
There is a potential NULL pointer dereference in zd_mac_tx_to_dev(). For
example, the following is possible:
T0 T1
zd_mac_tx_to_dev()
/* len == skb_queue_len(q) */
while (len > ZD_MAC_MAX_ACK_WAITERS) {
filter_ack()
spin_lock_irqsave(&q->lock, flags);
/* position == skb_queue_len(q) */
for (i=1; i<position; i++)
skb = __skb_dequeue(q)
if (mac->type == NL80211_IFTYPE_AP)
skb = __skb_dequeue(q);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&q->lock, flags);
skb_dequeue() -> NULL
Since there is a small gap between checking skb queue length and skb being
unconditionally dequeued in zd_mac_tx_to_dev(), skb_dequeue() can return NULL.
Then the pointer is passed to zd_mac_tx_status() where it is dereferenced.
In order to avoid potential NULL pointer dereference due to situations like
above, check if skb is not NULL before passing it to zd_mac_tx_status().
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-08-16
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rxrpc: Fix oops due to non-existence of prealloc backlog struct
If an AF_RXRPC service socket is opened and bound, but calls are
preallocated, then rxrpc_alloc_incoming_call() will oops because the
rxrpc_backlog struct doesn't get allocated until the first preallocation is
made.
Fix this by returning NULL from rxrpc_alloc_incoming_call() if there is no
backlog struct. This will cause the incoming call to be aborted.
CVSS Score
5.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2025-08-16