Security Vulnerabilities
Signed to Unsigned Conversion Error and Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts allows an attacker who can supply a crafted Erlang external term format (ETF) binary to binary_to_term/1 to corrupt the BEAM heap pointer and crash the virtual machine.
When decoding a LARGE_TUPLE_EXT term, the validation pass decoded_size() in erts/emulator/beam/external.c reads the 32-bit arity field as unsigned (get_uint32()), while the decode pass dec_term() reads the same field as a signed 32-bit integer (get_int32()) into an int. An arity wire value of 0x80000000 passes validation as 2147483648 but decodes as -2147483648, so the subsequent hp += n moves the heap allocation pointer backward. Neither pass enforces the runtime tuple-arity limit MAX_ARITYVAL. The result is an out-of-bounds heap write; in practice the VM detects an impossible heap size and aborts, denying service. The required padding is large when uncompressed but the compressed-ETF envelope shrinks it to a small payload on the wire.
This issue affects OTP from OTP 25.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to erts from 13.0 before 17.0.4, 16.4.0.4 and 15.2.7.11.
CVSS Score
5.1
EPSS Score
0.001
Published
2026-07-27
Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound) vulnerability in erlang otp erlang/otp (erts modules), erlang otp erts (erts modules) allows Forced Integer Overflow, Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files erts/emulator/beam/external.c, emulator/beam/external.c.
The BIT_BINARY_EXT tag (77) handler in the External Term Format (ETF) decoder accepts an encoding with both length and trailing-bits fields set to zero. The subsequent computation of the bitstring size underflows an unsigned integer, producing a value of roughly 2^64 that is then passed as a memory allocation size. The allocator aborts the entire node with a message such as "Cannot allocate 2305843009213693951 bytes of memory (of type binary)".
The crash is a VM-level abort, not an Erlang-level exception. It cannot be intercepted by supervision trees, by try/catch, or by passing the [safe] option to binary_to_term/2 (which only restricts atom creation and does not perform structural validation of binary encodings).
Any application that decodes ETF from untrusted sources via binary_to_term/1,2 or enif_binary_to_term() is exposed. The Erlang distribution protocol also decodes incoming terms through the same code path, but distribution is expected to run on trusted networks per the OTP Secure Coding Guidelines (DSG-011).
This issue affects OTP from OTP 27.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15, corresponding to erts from 15.0 before 17.0.4, 16.4.0.4 and 15.2.7.11.
CVSS Score
8.2
EPSS Score
0.003
Published
2026-07-27
Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in Erlang OTP erts (epmd) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to permanently terminate the Erlang Port Mapper Daemon (epmd) via connection slot exhaustion.
The do_accept function in erts/epmd/src/epmd_srv.c calls epmd_cleanup_exit() when accept(2) returns EMFILE (per-process file descriptor limit reached) or ENFILE (system-wide file descriptor limit reached), rather than treating these as recoverable conditions. An attacker can exhaust epmd's file descriptor slots by holding many TCP connections open while periodically sending a single byte to reset the idle timeout, then causing accept(2) to return EMFILE, which kills the daemon. epmd has no per-source-IP connection cap, making the attack feasible from a single source.
On Debian/Ubuntu default packaging the impact is amplified: the systemd unit inherits a low file descriptor soft limit, and repeated daemon deaths trigger systemd's start-rate-limit, permanently failing both epmd.service and epmd.socket and requiring manual operator intervention to recover.
This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 29.0.4, OTP 28.5.0.4 and OTP 27.3.4.15.
CVSS Score
6.3
EPSS Score
0.004
Published
2026-07-27
CVE-2026-16812
VeloCloud Orchestrator (VCO) on-prem has a security issue where this issue may allow a remote attacker to access privileged internal functionality and impact the VCO host. Successful exploitation may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the orchestrator and data managed by the orchestrator.
This functionality was intended to be for internal use only and is not intended to be remotely accessible.
Hosted and Dedicated versions of VCO have already been patched in advance of this notice going out.
This issue was discovered externally and is known to be actively exploited.
Known exploited
CVSS Score
10.0
EPSS Score
0.009
Published
2026-07-27
Mattermost versions 11.8.x <= 11.8.0, 11.7.x <= 11.7.3, 11.6.x <= 11.6.5, 10.11.x <= 10.11.20 fail to bound the time and resource consumption of server-side document content extraction which allows an authenticated user with file-upload permission to degrade file uploads for all users on the server via repeatedly uploading small documents that are cheap to upload but expensive to extract, saturating the shared extraction worker pool.. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00694
CVSS Score
4.3
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-07-27
Mattermost versions 11.6.x <= 11.6.5, 10.11.x <= 10.11.20, 11.8.x <= 11.8.1, 11.7.x <= 11.7.4 fail to limit the number of frames and enforce the file size cap on animated GIF uploads, which allows an authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service via a crafted animated GIF uploaded as a custom emoji.. Mattermost Advisory ID: MMSA-2026-00695
CVSS Score
6.5
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-07-27
An OS Command Injection vulnerability in Progress Software LoadMaster, ECS Connection Manager, Object Scale Connection Manager, and MOVEit WAF allows an authenticated attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected appliance via the Geo Location management interface, potentially resulting in complete system compromise.
CVSS Score
8.4
EPSS Score
0.007
Published
2026-07-27
An OS Command Injection vulnerability in Progress Software LoadMaster, ECS Connection Manager, Object Scale Connection Manager, and MOVEit WAF allows an authenticated attacker with high privileges to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected appliance via the backup restore functionality, potentially resulting in complete system compromise.
CVSS Score
8.4
EPSS Score
0.007
Published
2026-07-27
An Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Progress Software LoadMaster, ECS Connection Manager, Object Scale Connection Manager, and MOVEit WAF allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate privileges to root on the affected appliance, potentially resulting in full system compromise.
CVSS Score
8.0
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-07-27
A Missing Authorization vulnerability in Progress Software LoadMaster, ECS Connection Manager, Object Scale Connection Manager, MOVEit WAF, and Multi Tenant allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to perform privileged administrative operations via the REST API that should not be accessible to their permission level, potentially resulting in a system compromise.
CVSS Score
8.0
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-07-27