Trustedfirmware: >> Op-Tee Security Vulnerabilities
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. Starting in version 3.16.0 and prior to 4.11.0, a user-after-free (UAF) race condition exists in the shared memory teardown logic of FF-A within OP-TEE SPMC/SP flows. This only applies when OP-TEE is configured as an SPMC for S-EL0 SPs, that is, with `CFG_SECURE_PARTITION=y`. The function `sp_mem_remove()`, responsible for freeing entries in `smem->receivers` and `smem->regions`, fails to acquire the global `sp_mem_lock` before performing the `free()` operations. Concurrently, other code paths, such as `sp_mem_get_receiver()`, iterate over these same lists without holding a lock, or, like `sp_mem_is_shared()`, iterate while holding the lock but are not serialized against the unprotected `free()` in `sp_mem_remove()`. This creates a cross-thread race where a thread iterating the list can acquire a pointer to an entry (e.g., `struct sp_mem_map_region` or `struct sp_mem_receiver`), and then another thread calls `sp_mem_remove()`, freeing the object. When the first thread resumes and dereferences the pointer, it results in a Use-After-Free vulnerability. Version 4.11.0 fixes the issue.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-06-03
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. From 3.8.0 to 4.10, in the function emsa_pkcs1_v1_5_encode() in core/drivers/crypto/crypto_api/acipher/rsassa.c, the amount of padding needed, "PS size", is calculated by subtracting the size of the digest and other fields required for the EMA-PKCS1-v1_5 encoding from the size of the modulus of the key. By selecting a small enough modulus, this subtraction can overflow. The padding is added as a string of 0xFF bytes with a call to memset(), and an underflowed integer will cause the memset() call to overwrite until OP-TEE crashes. This only affects platforms registering RSA acceleration.
CVSS Score
7.5
EPSS Score
0.004
Published
2026-04-24
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. In versions 3.13.0 through 4.10.0, missing checks in `entry_get_attribute_value()` in `ta/pkcs11/src/object.c` can lead to out-of-bounds read from the PKCS#11 TA heap or a crash. When chained with the OOB read, the PKCS#11 TA function `PKCS11_CMD_GET_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE` or `entry_get_attribute_value()` can, with a bad template parameter, be tricked into reading at most 7 bytes beyond the end of the template buffer and writing beyond the end of the template buffer with the content of an attribute value of a PKCS#11 object. Commits e031c4e562023fd9f199e39fd2e85797e4cbdca9, 16926d5a46934c46e6656246b4fc18385a246900, and 149e8d7ecc4ef8bb00ab4a37fd2ccede6d79e1ca contain patches and are anticipated to be part of version 4.11.0.
CVSS Score
8.7
EPSS Score
0.002
Published
2026-04-24
OP-TEE is a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) designed as companion to a non-secure Linux kernel running on Arm; Cortex-A cores using the TrustZone technology. Starting in version 3.20 and prior to version 3.22, `shdr_verify_signature` can make a double free. `shdr_verify_signature` used to verify a TA binary before it is loaded. To verify a signature of it, allocate a memory for RSA key. RSA key allocate function (`sw_crypto_acipher_alloc_rsa_public_key`) will try to allocate a memory (which is optee’s heap memory). RSA key is consist of exponent and modulus (represent as variable `e`, `n`) and it allocation is not atomic way, so it may succeed in `e` but fail in `n`. In this case sw_crypto_acipher_alloc_rsa_public_key` will free on `e` and return as it is failed but variable ‘e’ is remained as already freed memory address . `shdr_verify_signature` will free again that memory (which is `e`) even it is freed when it failed allocate RSA key. A patch is available in version 3.22. No known workarounds are available.
CVSS Score
7.4
EPSS Score
0.004
Published
2023-09-15
An unprotected memory-access operation in optee_os in TrustedFirmware Open Portable Trusted Execution Environment (OP-TEE) before 3.20 allows a physically proximate adversary to bypass signature verification and install malicious trusted applications via electromagnetic fault injections.
CVSS Score
6.4
EPSS Score
0.004
Published
2022-12-19
OP-TEE Trusted OS is the secure side implementation of OP-TEE project, a Trusted Execution Environment. Versions prior to 3.19.0, contain an Improper Validation of Array Index vulnerability. The function `cleanup_shm_refs()` is called by both `entry_invoke_command()` and `entry_open_session()`. The commands `OPTEE_MSG_CMD_OPEN_SESSION` and `OPTEE_MSG_CMD_INVOKE_COMMAND` can be executed from the normal world via an OP-TEE SMC. This function is not validating the `num_params` argument, which is only limited to `OPTEE_MSG_MAX_NUM_PARAMS` (127) in the function `get_cmd_buffer()`. Therefore, an attacker in the normal world can craft an SMC call that will cause out-of-bounds reading in `cleanup_shm_refs` and potentially freeing of fake-objects in the function `mobj_put()`. A normal-world attacker with permission to execute SMC instructions may exploit this flaw. Maintainers believe this problem permits local privilege escalation from the normal world to the secure world. Version 3.19.0 contains a fix for this issue. There are no known workarounds.
CVSS Score
8.2
EPSS Score
0.005
Published
2022-11-29
The OPTEE-OS CSU driver for NXP i.MX SoC devices lacks security access configuration for several models, resulting in TrustZone bypass because the NonSecure World can perform arbitrary memory read/write operations on Secure World memory. This involves a DMA capable peripheral.
CVSS Score
7.1
EPSS Score
0.003
Published
2021-12-07
An issue was discovered in Trusted Firmware OP-TEE Trusted OS through 3.15.0. The OPTEE-OS CSU driver for NXP i.MX6UL SoC devices lacks security access configuration for wakeup-related registers, resulting in TrustZone bypass because the NonSecure World can perform arbitrary memory read/write operations on Secure World memory. This involves a v cycle.
CVSS Score
7.8
EPSS Score
0.003
Published
2021-12-07
In Linaro OP-TEE before 3.7.0, by using inconsistent or malformed data, it is possible to call update and final cryptographic functions directly, causing a crash that could leak sensitive information.
CVSS Score
9.1
EPSS Score
0.009
Published
2021-08-11
Western Digital has identified a security vulnerability in the Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB) protocol as specified in multiple standards for storage device interfaces, including all versions of eMMC, UFS, and NVMe. The RPMB protocol is specified by industry standards bodies and is implemented by storage devices from multiple vendors to assist host systems in securing trusted firmware. Several scenarios have been identified in which the RPMB state may be affected by an attacker without the knowledge of the trusted component that uses the RPMB feature.
CVSS Score
6.8
EPSS Score
0.003
Published
2020-11-18