Esri ArcGIS Server versions 10.9.1 and below have an unvalidated redirect issue that may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to phish a user into accessing an attacker controlled website via a crafted query parameter.
A remote file download issue can occur in some capabilities of Esri ArcGIS Server web services that may in some edge cases allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to induce an unsuspecting victim to launch a process in the victim's PATH environment. Current browsers provide users with warnings against running unsigned executables downloaded from the internet.